Bhaskar Explainer:Weak antibodies may cause corona but T cell response is intact, then serious disease will not occur

Data from Israel and the US show that although there has been a decline in protection against corona infection after the vaccine, the good news is that the rate of hospitalization has decreased after vaccination. Hospitalization rates have also decreased in the UK.It is a complex collective process. It protects against viruses and bacteria.

Where does the virus attack?

The virus attacks two places in the body. A-circulatory system from where it circulates in the body. Second- there are cells of tissues, attacking which the virus multiplies.

How to combat virus?
The body’s first weapon is antibodies. These are large protein molecules that lock-in to fight the virus and prevent it from attacking cells. Antibodies are the body’s first line of defense. But the antibodies become ineffective once the virus enters the body’s cells. In such a situation, the role of killer T cell begins. T cell virus kills the cells. Strong T cell defenses, even when antibodies are weak.

How do vaccines work?

Vaccination elicits a dual immune response. Antibody levels decrease over time. The system has a memory for antibody production. Weak antibodies may cause corona, but if the T cell response is intact, then serious disease will not occur.

Why did the cases increase in US-Israel?
After the vaccine in the US-Israel, antibodies declined due to the passage of time and the new variant. Circulating antibodies are not the entirety of the available protective resources. Antibody tests are easier to implement on a large scale than T cell measurements and are widely available.

Does the third dose help?
After two doses, the rate of hospitalization becomes very low. Antibody levels improve by the third dose. Some countries are even giving a third dose to high-risk populations.

How long will the dose be effective?
Vaccines are still based on the original Wuhan strain. How long will two or three doses of the vaccine be effective? How much protection will you get from the new variant? The big challenge right now is preventing virus transmission between vaccinated people and unvaccinated people. There are no comprehensive data on the effectiveness of two doses and the effect of third doses in the Indian population. In such a situation, the process of vaccinating children should start soon. Masks, social distancing, hygiene, and proper ventilation in crowded places are essential to prevent infection.